1) зачаток, рудимент 2) начало, основа
имя существительное 1) (rudiments) начальные знания, основы 2) (Rudiments) начальные классы в католической школе 3) рудиментарный орган
noun Etymology: Latin rudimentum beginning, from rudis raw, rude 1. a basic principle or element or a fundamental skill — usually used in plural Example: teaching themselves the rudiments of rational government — G. B. Galanti 2. a. something unformed or undeveloped; beginning — usually used in plural Example: the rudiments of a plan b. (1) a body part so deficient in size or structure as to be entirely unable to perform its normal function (2) an organ just beginning to develop; anlage • rudimental adjective