1. местоимение; [множественное число] those 1) тот, та, то (иногда этот, эта, этот) а) (указывает на лицо, понятие, событие, предмет, действие, отдалённые по месту или времени) Например: that woman — та женщина that city — тот город that house beyond the river — тот дом за рекой that day — (в) тот день б) (противополагается this) Например: That is good, and this is bad. — Это хорошо, а это плохо. в) (указывает на что-либо уже известное говорящему) Например: What noise was that? — Что это был за шум? г) (заменяет слово во избежание его повторения) Например: It was necessary to act, and that promptly. — Было необходимо действовать, причём быстро. The climate here is like that of France. — Здешний климат похож на климат Франции. 2) а) который, кто, тот который Например: All the cities that they came to. — Все города, в которые они приезжали. б) то что, тот кто, всё что, всякий кто (определяемое слово подразумевается) Например: the members that were present — те из членов, которые присутствовали the book that I'm reading — книга, которую я читаю the year that he died — год его смерти the book that I spoke of — книга, о которой я говорил I am that I am. — Я тот, кто я есть. I know all that is necessary. — Я знаю всё, что нужно. that Например: not that — не потому / не то, чтобы that's it! — вот именно!, правильно! that's all there is to it — ну, вот и всё this and that — разные like that — такой, подобный We need more people like that. — Нам нужны подобные люди. 2. наречие 1) так, до такой степени Например: The hair was about that long. — Волосы были примерно такой длины. He found it difficult to get that excited. — Ему было сложно так сильно переживать. 2) очень, чрезвычайно, в высшей степени Например: I did not take him that seriously. — Я не воспринимала его всерьёз. Синоним(ы): very, extremely that 3. союз что, чтобы (служит для присоединения различных типов придаточного предложения к главному: придаточных изъяснительных, цели, следствия и т. п.) Например: She knew that he was there. — Она знала, что он был там.
I. pronoun (plural those) Etymology: Middle English, from Old English thæt, neuter demonstrative pronoun and definite article; akin to Old High German daz, neuter demonstrative pronoun and definite article, Greek to, Latin istud, neuter demonstrative pronoun 1. a. the person, thing, or idea indicated, mentioned, or understood from the situation Example: that is my father b. the time, action, or event specified Example: after that I went to bed c. the kind or thing specified as follows Example: the purest water is that produced by distillation d. one or a group of the indicated kind Example: that's a cat — quick and agile 2. a. the one farther away or less immediately under observation or discussion Example: those are maples and these are elms b. the former one 3. a. — used as a function word after and to indicate emphatic repetition of the idea expressed by a previous word or phrase Example: he was helpful, and that to an unusual degree b. — used as a function word immediately before or after a word group consisting of a verbal auxiliary or a form of the verb be preceded by there or a personal pronoun subject to indicate emphatic repetition of the idea expressed by a previous verb or predicate noun or predicate adjective Example: is she capable? She is that 4. a. the one; the thing; the kind; something, anything Example: the truth of that which is true Example: the senses are that whereby we experience the world Example: what's that you say b. plural some persons Example: those who think the time has come II. conjunction 1. a. (1) — used as a function word to introduce a noun clause that is usually the subject or object of a verb or a predicate nominative Example: said that he was afraid (2) — used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause that is anticipated by the expletive it occurring as subject of the verb Example: it is unlikely that he'll be in (3) — used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause that is joined as complement to a noun or adjective Example: we are certain that this is true Example: the fact that you are here (4) — used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause modifying an adverb or adverbial expression Example: will go anywhere that he is invited b. — used as a function word to introduce an exclamatory clause expressing a strong emotion especially of surprise, sorrow, or indignation Example: that it should come to this! 2. a. (1) — used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause expressing purpose or desired result Example: cutting down expenses that her son might inherit an unencumbered estate — W. B. Yeats (2) — used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause expressing a reason or cause Example: rejoice that you are lightened of a load — Robert Browning (3) — used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause expressing consequence, result, or effect Example: are of sufficient importance that they cannot be neglected — Hannah Wormington b. — used as a function word to introduce an exclamatory clause expressing a wish Example: oh, that he would come 3. — used as a function word after a subordinating conjunction without modifying its meaning Example: if that thy bent of love be honorable — Shakespeare III. adjective (plural those) 1. a. being the person, thing, or idea specified, mentioned, or understood b. being the one specified — usually used for emphasis Example: that rarity among leaders Example: that brother of yours c. so great a; such 2. the farther away or less immediately under observation or discussion Example: this chair or that one IV. pronoun Etymology: Middle English, from Old English thæt, neuter relative pronoun, from thæt, neuter demonstrative pronoun 1. — used as a function word to introduce a restrictive relative clause and to serve as a substitute within that clause for the substantive modified by the clause Example: the house that Jack built Example: I'll make a ghost of him that lets me — Shakespeare 2. a. at which; in which; on which; by which; with which; to which Example: each year that the lectures are given b. according to what; to the extent of what — used after a negative Example: has never been here that I know of 3. a. archaic that which b. obsolete the person who Usage: That, which, who: In current usage that refers to persons or things, which chiefly to things and rarely to subhuman entities, who chiefly to persons and sometimes to animals. The notion that that should not be used to refer to persons is without foundation; such use is entirely standard. Because that has no genitive form or construction, of which or whose must be substituted for it in contexts that call for the genitive. Usage: That, which: Although some handbooks say otherwise, that and which are both regularly used to introduce restrictive clauses in edited prose. Which is also used to introduce nonrestrictive clauses. That was formerly used to introduce nonrestrictive clauses; such use is virtually nonexistent in present-day edited prose, though it may occasionally be found in poetry. V. adverb 1. to such an extent Example: a nail about that long 2. very, extremely — usually used with the negative Example: did not take the festival that seriously — Eric Goldman